C45E | 1.1191 Material Datasheet

Material Test Series Values

Material Standard Values

Material Models for Simulation

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Material Description

Material Number	Material Number (single)	Standard	Range of Application	Standard Status	Country	Predecessor	Remark
1.1191 (DIN EN ISO 683-1 : 2018-09)	1.1191	DIN EN ISO 683-1 : 2018-09	Supersedes DIN EN 10083-2 : 2006-10	Valid	Germany	C45E	Steel C45E is applicable for medium loaded parts of higher dimensions (large forged parts) and more complex form in vehicle manufacturing and machine engineering (e.g. shipshafts, transmission parts, wheel hubs).

Chemical Composition

C [%]	Cr [%]	Cu [%]	Mn [%]	Mo [%]	Ni [%]	P [%]	S [%]	Si [%]	Cr+Mo+Ni [%]	Source
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Mechanical Properties

Semi-finished Product	Condition	Nominal Size [mm]	Temperature [°C]	Tensile Strength [MPa]	Yield Strength [MPa]	Elongation A [%]	Reduction of Area [%]	Hardness HB \| HBW	Hardness HRC	Hardness HV	Source	Remark
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Physical Properties

Temperature [°C]	Density [g/cm³]	Young's Modulus [GPa]	Shear Modulus [GPa]	Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (reference 20°C) [10^-6*K^-1]	Differential Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [10^-6*K^-1]	Thermal Conductivity [W/(m*K)]	Thermal Diffusivity [10^-6 m²/s]	Specific Electrical Resistance [µΩm]	Mean Specific Heat Capacity [kJ/(kg*K)]	True Specific Heat Capacity [kJ/(kg*K)]	Source
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Young's Modulus [GPa] vs Temperature [°C]

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Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (reference 20°C) [10^-6*K^-1] vs Temperature [°C]

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Differential Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [10^-6*K^-1] vs Temperature [°C]

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Toughness Data (Impact)

Condition	Nominal Size [mm]	Temperature [°C]	Specimen Shape	Specimen Direction	Notch Impact Energy [J]	Source
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Heat Treatment

Heat Treatment	Step	Temperature [°C]	Holding Time [h]	Medium	Source
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Cross Reference

Material Name	Country	Standard	Source
45	China	GB/T 699	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
45	China	GB/T 710	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
45	China	GB/T 3275	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
U20452	China	ISC	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
1.1191	Europe	EN 10083-2
C45E	Europe	EN 10083-2
C45E	Europe	EN ISO 683-1
45C8	India	IS 5517	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
C45E	International	ISO 683-1
S45C	Japan	JIS G 4051	EN ISO 683-1 : 2018-06
SM45C	South Korea	KS D 3752	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
45	Russia	GOST 1050	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
A29 Grade 1045	USA	ASTM A29	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
A510 Grade 1045	USA	ASTM A510	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
A576 Grade 1045	USA	ASTM A576	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
A827 Grade 1045	USA	ASTM A827	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
A830 Grade 1045	USA	ASTM A830	EN ISO 683-1 : 2018-06
G10450	USA	UNS	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
1045	USA	SAE	Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach
Ck 45	Germany		Stahlschlüssel 2016, Verlag Stahlschlüssel Wegst GmbH, Marbach

Producer/Supplier/Trade names

Tradename	Supplier
C45E	AG der Dillinger Hüttenwerke, Dillingen
DIMO C45	AG der Dillinger Hüttenwerke, Dillingen
Ck 45	ASCOMETAL GmbH, Erkrath
C45E	BESSEY Tool GmbH & Co. KG, Bietigheim-Bissingen
BGH 1191	BGH Edelstahl Siegen GmbH
Buderus Ck 45	Buderus Edelstahl GmbH, Wetzlar
BÖHLER V 945	voestalpine High Perfomance Metals Deutschland GmbH, Düsseldorf
C45E	Tata Steel, IJmuiden
DIRO-C45E	DIROSTAHL, Remscheid
1.1191	DWK Drahtwerk Köln GmbH, Köln
Ck 45	Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Specialty Steel GmbH & Co. KG, Siegen
THYROFORT C45E	Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Specialty Steel GmbH & Co. KG, Witten
DE 1191	Dörrenberg Edelstahl GmbH, Engelskirchen
1.1191	ET Edelstahl-Trading GmbH, Willich
C45E	EZM Edelstahlzieherei Mark GmbH, Wetter
1.1191	Rosswag GmbH, Pfinztal-Kleinsteinbach
C45E	Edelstahlwerk C. & F. vom Brocke e.K., Altena-Altroggenrahmede
1.1191	Eisen-Heinzl GmbH, Selb-Erkersreuth
C45E	Haage Anagramm Technologien GmbH, Mülheim a. d. Ruhr
C45E	C.D. Wälzholz GmbH & Co. KG, Hagen
OPEL QS1045E	Georgsmarienhütte GmbH, Georgsmarienhütte
C45E	Georgsmarienhütte GmbH, Georgsmarienhütte
C45E	Günther + Schramm GmbH, Oberkochen
1.1191	H. Kleineberg GmbH, Stelle
C45E	HEINE + BEISSWENGER Stiftung + Co.KG, Fellbach
C45E	Hagenkötter GmbH & Co., Solingen
C45E	Hammerwerk Erft, G. Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Münstereifel-Arloff
C45E	Hayes-Lemmerz-Werke GmbH, Königswinter
C45E	Hermann Stahlschmidt Stahlgesellschaft m. b. H., Willich
C45E	Hoesch Hohenlimburg GmbH, Hagen
C45E	Hoselmann Stahl GmbH, Hannover
1.1191	INTERSTAHL Service GmbH, Wetter
C45E	Ilsenburger Grobblech GmbH, Ilsenburg
C45E	Imet Industriemetall Handelsgesellschaft mbH, Hamburg
1.1191	Klöckner & Co SE, Duisburg
C45E	ORI MARTIN Deutschland GmbH, Duisburg
1.1191	Platestahl Umformtechnik GmbH, Lüdenscheid
1.1191	Quick Metall GmbH, Forst
C45E	ZAPP AG, Ratingen
Ck 45	Rohrwerk Maxhütte GmbH, Sulzbach-Rosenberg
C45E	Swiss Steel International GmbH, Düsseldorf
Ck 45	STM Stahl Vertriebs GmbH, Gräfelfing
C45E	Saarstahl AG, Völklingen
Ck 45	Saarstahl AG, Völklingen
C45E	Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH, Salzgitter
C45E	Schmiedewerke Gröditz GmbH, Gröditz
V945	Stahl Judenburg GmbH, Judenburg
C45E	Stahlrump GmbH & Co.KG, Iserlohn
C45E	Stahlwerk Annahütte Max Aicher GmbH & Co. KG, Hammerau
Guete C45E	Aubert&Duval Special Steel GmbH, Mönchengladbach
C45E	Stahlwerk Unna GmbH & Co.KG, Unna
C45E	Steeltec AG, Emmenbrücke
C45E	Swiss Steel AG, Emmenbrücke
C45E	ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG, Duisburg
C45E	Vallourec Deutschland GmbH, Düsseldorf
Ck 45	Walzwerke Einsal GmbH, Nachrodt
Ck 45	Wilhelm Jungermann GmbH, Remscheid
Ck 45	Wilhelm Oberste-Beulmann GmbH & Co. KG, Remscheid
C45E	Willy Haecker GmbH, Hückeswagen
C45E	pauly STAHLHANDEL, Essen
C45E	voestalpine AG, Linz

Material Compliance

REACh	RoHS
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FKM Guideline Fatigue Strength

Condition	Nominal Size [mm]	Tensile Strength [MPa]	Yield Strength [MPa]	Fatigue Limit under rev. Tension-Compression Stresses [MPa]	Fatigue Strength under pulsating Tensile Stresses [MPa]	Bending Fatigue Strength [MPa]	Shear Fatigue Strength [MPa]	Torsion Fatigue Strength [MPa]	Constant a for size factor Kd for yield stress Rp	Constant a for size factor Kd for tensile strength Rm	Source	Remark
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Hardenability (Jominy test)

Condition	Front Distance [mm]	Hardness HRC (+H grade)	Hardness HRC (+HH grade)	Source	Remark
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Fracture Toughness

Temperature [°C]	Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness KIc [MPa*m^½]	Source
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C45E (1.1191; DIN EN ISO 683-1 : 2018-09)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Linear-elastic

Temperature [°C]	Young's modulus [GPa]	Shear modulus [GPa]	Poisson's ratio
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Alternating stress

Temperature [°C]	Stress ratio	Alternating stress [MPa]	Cycles
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Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
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Electrical resistivity

Temperature [°C]	Specific electrical resistance [µΩm]
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Coefficient thermal expansion

Related Temperature [°C]	Temperature [°C]	Coefficient thermal expansion [10^-6*K^-1]
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Specific heat

Temperature [°C]	Specific heat [kJ/(kg*K)]
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Density

Temperature [°C]	Density [g/cm³]
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Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
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Thermal conductivity

Temperature [°C]	Thermal conductivity [W/(m*K)]
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Classification

WIAM Material	Source description
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Designation

Designation	Material number	Source
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); sheet; 6.000mm; tension/compression; flaw)

Alternating stress

Temperature [°C]	Stress ratio	Alternating stress [MPa]	Cycles
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Load type	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); sheet; 6.000mm; tension/compression; fracture)

Alternating stress

Temperature [°C]	Stress ratio	Alternating stress [MPa]	Cycles
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Load type	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); sheet; 6.000mm; tension/compression; fracture)

Alternating stress

Temperature [°C]	Stress ratio	Alternating stress [MPa]	Cycles
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Load type	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); bar; 6mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); sheet)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Source description
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C45E (normalized, normalized and tempered (+N+NT); bar; 8mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); bar; 8mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); 6.35mm; load drop)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (sheet)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Semi-finished product	Source description
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); bar; 5-10mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (soft annealed (+A); bar; 7mm)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); 6mm; load drop)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (surface hardened; sheet; 3-7mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (surface hardened; sheet; 8mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); sheet; 8mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (as rolled (+AR); 6mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (stress relieved; bar; 12mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (forging; 6.35mm)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
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C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); bar; 5-10mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (cold drawn; bar; 4.8mm)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
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C45E (fully processed; bar; 8-14mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
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Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
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C45E (fully processed; bar; 10mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); bar; 5mm; fracture)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (fully processed; bar; 10mm; flaw)

Strain life

Temperature [°C]	Cyclic fatigue strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic fatigue strength exponent	Ductility coefficient [Pa]	Ductility exponent	Cyclic strength coefficient [MPa]	Cyclic strain hardening exponent	Young's modulus [GPa]
blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Failure criteria	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); wide flat; 0.000-8.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); wide flat; 8.000-20.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); wide flat; 20.000-60.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); drop forging; 0.000-16.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); drop forging; 16.000-40.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); drop forging; 40.000-100.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); forging; 0.000-16.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); forging; 16.000-100.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); forging; 100.000-250.000mm)

Yield strength

Temperature [°C]	Yield strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Semi-finished product	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur	blur

C45E (quenched and tempered (+QT); 16.000mm)

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur

C45E (normalized or normalized formed (+N); 16.000mm)

Tensile strength

Temperature [°C]	Tensile strength [MPa]
blur	blur

Classification

Treatment	Dimension [mm]	Source description
blur	blur	blur